Bullfighting Videos And Old Yeller Are Still Legal. The First Amendment Survives. Robert J. Stevens Is Still An Asshole.

Law

The Supreme Court has held 18 U. S. C. §48, the federal prohibition on depiction of animal cruelty, unconstitutional on its face, for many of the reasons cited by Ken in an earlier post on the case.

You may read the Court's opinion, an 8-1 decision authored by Chief Justice Roberts with Justice Alito in dissent, here.

The case background is that Robert J. Stevens is a sick loser who imports and sells Japanese dogfighting videos.  Mr. Stevens was prosecuted for violation of the statute, which prohibits any depiction of animal cruelty (defined as "maiming, mutilating, torturing, wounding, or killing" animals) illegal in the state where the defendant resides, unless the depiction has "serious" artistic value.

The statute, according to the Court, is blatantly unconstitutional in that, as written, it goes far beyond the dog-fighting and "crush" videos (you don't want to know) Congress claimed to be outlawing, to prohibiting possession of Field & Stream in the District of Columbia, where hunting is illegal.  Cockfighting videos would be legal in Puerto Rico, where the "sport" is legal, but illegal in all 50 states.  Fishing magazines would be legal everywhere, but Goth music videos, all of which for some reason feature gasping fish out of water, might be criminal, though fish suffocation features prominently in each.

Of course the government, in defending the statute, says it would never seek to prosecute Field & Stream subscribers in DC, and would never imprison cockfight journalists in Puerto Rico.  We just want to go after those evil dogfight video makers and the like.  "Trust us."

Fortunately in this case the Court doesn't seem to trust the government, which receives a rebuke worth reading from the Chief Justice.  As does Congress, for its incompetent drafting of a statute which, while intended to eliminate only one sick and obscene form of entertainment, does indeed by its terms ban hunting magazines in DC.  Congress drafted an elephant of a law, to kill a gnat.

Think about that, the next time you hear someone demanding, "There ought to be a law."  The people who vote for these laws as often as not don't understand what they're passing.  The people who draft these laws sometimes don't understand what they're writing.

Update: This blog is sometimes an echo chamber.

Last 5 posts by Patrick

12 Comments

11 Comments

  1. Ken  •  Apr 20, 2010 @9:57 am
  2. Federale  •  Apr 20, 2010 @10:30 am

    Also illegal in DC would be the Outdoor Channel. Could we have expected the DC Attorney General to arrest and prosecute Ted Nugent? I think that would be likely.

  3. Grandy  •  Apr 20, 2010 @10:45 am

    Can someone summarize Alito's dissent?

  4. Patrick  •  Apr 20, 2010 @11:04 am

    Roughly, "They only meant to outlaw crush videos and dogfight videos, so we should hold that this law is constitutional as to Stevens, and leave the other issues for another case."

    Essentially Alito, who isn't explicitly a textualist but claims to be in sympathy with that view, says that we should disregard the text.

  5. Jdog  •  Apr 20, 2010 @11:31 am

    Grandy: as far as I can tell it's cruelty to animals is really, really bad. On that, I think, most people can agree. …and videos of it is kind of like kiddie porn, which it kinda sorta is. (At least, kiddie porn where the subjects are actually children, and not adults or computer images.) … and that, therefore, the law isn't overly broad. At which point I kinda find myself saying, "huh?"

  6. Ken  •  Apr 20, 2010 @12:13 pm

    I would summarize it as "though this law could be read to sweep broadly and make protected conduct illegal, we should pretend it is narrowly drafted and trust the government to take a narrow approach to it."

  7. Ancel De Lambert  •  Apr 20, 2010 @12:14 pm

    If someone says "there ought to be a law," there ought not to be.

  8. Charles  •  Apr 20, 2010 @1:40 pm

    Sounds like Alito's opinion was a little Salerno and a dash of constitutional avoidance. That's about what I'd expect from Alito.

  9. Joe  •  Apr 20, 2010 @4:39 pm

    We all know the real agenda is to take away our fishing magazines. Bastards. (Isn't it strange that conservatives don't think the slippery slope argument applies to "enhanced interrogation"?)

    This ruling is exactly like saying that child pornography is free speech. Don't get caught buggering little boys, but it's fine to sell videos of it. Would anyone really care to argue that society doesn't have a compelling interest in preventing dog fighting/animal torture? This is yet another example of an extremist, activist court.

  10. Patrick  •  Apr 20, 2010 @5:11 pm

    Animals do hold a lower place in society than children Joe. They are property. We regulate the ways in which people may use their property in all sorts of ways, wise and foolish. But the fact is that I could painlessly euthanize my dogs simply because I wished to do it, and no sanction would attach. If I did that to my neighbor, I'd be facing the death penalty.

    Not to mention that federal laws on child pornography are nowhere near as broad as this one. Let's suppose we had an identical federal law banning any depiction of criminal violence toward children. I have no doubt the court would strike it down, as it would prohibit "serious art" like Lord of the Flies, as well as trifles like many comic books. The law isn't always an ass. Unlike some people, it occasionally has a sense of perspective.

  11. strech  •  Apr 20, 2010 @11:09 pm

    This ruling is exactly like saying that child pornography is free speech.

    Actually, it rather explicitly isn't:

    (5) This construction of §48 decides the constitutional question. The Government makes no effort to defend §48 as applied beyond crush videos and depictions of animal fighting. It argues that those particular depictions are intrinsically related to criminal conduct or are analogous to obscenity (if not themselves obscene), and that the ban on such speech would satisfy the proper level of scrutiny. But the Government nowhere extends these arguments to other depictions, such as hunting magazines and videos, that are presumptively protected by the First Amendment but that remain subject to §48. Nor does the Government seriously contest that these presumptively impermissible applications of §48 far outnumber any permissible ones. The Court therefore does not decide whether a statute limited to crush videos or other depictions of extreme animal cruelty would be constitutional. Section 48 is not so limited but is instead substantially overbroad, and therefore invalid under the First Amendment.

    §48 / Section 48 being the law in question.

    So the Supreme Court decision leaves open a more narrowly focused attempt on crush videos and possibly dogfighting, particularly one based on Ferber. The appeals court ruled against finding an exception based on Ferber, but as said part of the ruling consistent of a mix of
    a) Punting it to the supreme court; and
    b) Finding that the statue failed the 5 points making up Ferber in ways that wouldn't apply at all to a crush statute (1, 3), seem to misread Ferber (2**), go on about part of the statuatory construction (4, which is entirely about the import of the "serious value" test from Obscenity Law), or are punted (5, to the rest of the opinion and thus the Supreme Court).

    Animal fighting videos are a bit more complicated and I need to poke around the opinions more.

    * They read

    The second factor in the Ferber rationale, that child pornography is “intrinsically related to the sexual abuse of children,”

    entirely as referring to the post-abuse harm to the child, which makes no sense.

1 Trackback